Deploy Nuxt to Firebase

Firebase Functions

To use the more recent and recommended generation of firebase functions, set the firebase.gen option to 2:

nuxt.config.ts

export default defineNuxtConfig({
  nitro: {
    firebase: {
      gen: 2
    }
  }
})

If you cannot use configuration for any reason, alternatively you can use NITRO_FIREBASE_GEN=2 environment variable.

If you already have a deployed version of your website and want to upgrade to 2nd gen, see the Migration process on Firebase docs. Namely, the CLI will ask you to delete your existing functions before deploying the new ones.

Comparison between 1st and 2nd generation functions

Project Setup

You may instead prefer to set up your project with the Firebase CLI, which will fetch your project ID for you, add required dependencies (see above) and even set up automated deployments via GitHub Actions (for hosting only). Learn about installing the firebase CLI.

Install the latest version of the Firebase CLI.
Terminal
```
npm install -g firebase-tools@latest
```
Initialize your Firebase Project
Terminal
```
firebase login
firebase init hosting
```

When prompted, you can enter .output/public as the public directory. In the next step, do not configure your project as a single-page app.

Once complete, add the following to your firebase.json to enable server rendering in Cloud Functions:

firebase.json

{
  "functions": { "source": ".output/server" },
  "hosting": [
    {
      "site": "<your_project_id>",
      "public": ".output/public",
      "cleanUrls": true,
      "rewrites": [{ "source": "**", "function": "server" }]
    }
  ]
}

Local Preview

You can preview a local version of your site if you need to test things out without deploying.

npm run build -- --preset=firebase
firebase emulators:start

Build and Deploy

Deploy to Firebase Hosting by running a Nitro build and then running the firebase deploy command.

npm run build -- --preset=firebase
firebase deploy

Options

You can set options for the firebase functions in your nuxt.config.ts file:

nuxt.config.ts

export default defineNuxtConfig({
  nitro: {
    firebase: {
      gen: 2,
      httpsOptions: {
        region: 'europe-west1',
        maxInstances: 3,
      },
    },
  },
});

Runtime Node.js Version

You can set custom Node.js version in configuration:

nuxt.config.ts

export default defineNuxtConfig({
  nitro: {
    firebase: {
      nodeVersion: '18' // Can be '16' or '18' or '20'
    },
  },
});

Firebase tools use the engines.node version in package.json to determine which node version to use for your functions. Nuxt automatically writes to the .output/server/package.json with configured Node.js version.

You might also need to add a runtime key to your firebase.json file:

firebase.json

{
  "functions": {
    "source": ".output/server",
    "runtime": "nodejs20"
  }
}

You can read more about this in Firebase Docs.

If your firebase project has other cloud functions

You may be warned that other cloud functions will be deleted when you deploy your Nuxt project. This is because nitro will deploy your entire project to firebase functions. If you want to deploy only your Nuxt project, you can use the --only flag:

firebase deploy --only functions:server,hosting

Head over Nitro documentation to learn more about the Firebase deployment preset.

Using Cookies in production

When using Firebase Hosting together with Cloud Functions or Cloud Run, cookies are generally stripped from incoming requests to allow for efficient CDN cache behavior. Only the specially-named __session cookie is permitted to pass through to your app.

For more information, refer to the Firebase documentation.

Working with Environment Variables

To set environment variables for your Firebase functions, you need to copy the .env file to the .output/server directory. You can do this by adding a postbuild script to your package.json, that will automatically run after the build command:

package.json

{
  "scripts": {
    "postbuild": "cp .env .output/server/.env"
  }
}

For more information, refer to the Firebase documentation.

Edgio

Deploy your Nuxt Application to Edgio infrastructure.

Flightcontrol

Deploy your Nuxt Application to Flightcontrol infrastructure.